12.13.2020

Sound of Metal

I really liked Sound of Metal, a new movie on Prime Video. The main character, Ruben, plays drums for a heavy metal band that screams passionate, esoteric angst to small crowds of black-clad modern punks in dank dingy halls. His hearing begins to rapidly and dramatically degrade, throwing his life into uncharted waters. 

For one, the narrative is original, which is always appreciated in today's franchised media industry. Every step felt unexpected. The uniqueness of story nurtured an empathy that flowered as the movie progressed; ardent character development, which happens in the passing scenes, the shots of daily intimacies and raw solitude, made this possible. And this, the empathy, was the real strength of the movie, I think. It's the most powerful thing an artist can create. 
 
Filming details, subtle yet discernible for the non-trained eye (mine), were a substantial part of the aesthetic quality. The audio specifically stood out. Perspective shifted, smoothly and frequently, from a ubiquitous narrator with acute hearing to Ruben in his stages of auditory deterioration. Dripping coffee. Vibrating drums. Honking buses. Clanging bells. The incongruity between the two realities was all the more evident because of this technique. 

Ruben is played by Riz Ahmed, who nailed the performance. He's was stellar in The Night Of and The Reluctant Fundamentalist too. Dude can act. In my view, he is a great representative of South Asian Muslims. His roles and style are atypical. This helps break pervasive stereotypes about South Asians, like the idea that we can't be in heavy metal bands. Ruben is not written as a South Asian character to be played by a South Asian actor. His character has nothing to do with Ahmed being South Asian. Ruben is ethnically ambiguous. Usually, minority actors only get cast in roles for characters of that same minority. The "generic" character is always white. It's cool to see Ahmed representing a person, not just a South Asian person. That's real equality.

12.06.2020

12/2/20: The Slaughter

We turned off an unpaved road after a series of rights and lefts through the dry, South Texas grasslands. I didn't get to see much of the homestead upon entrance; I was driving through a dust cloud kicked up by the speedy Dr.--------, our companion and leader on this excursion. What I did see was three chained dogs lunging at our passing tires, restrained by metal but itching for a chance to attack. A bluff, in my experience, but intimidating nonetheless. 
 
Dr.-------- parked behind a shed on a flat expanse overlooking a tilled field, the stubby greenery and vacant tractor hinting at its recent cultivation. The tractor had a bulldozer attachment in the front. In the bucket of the attachment we saw a heap of fur, bits of intestine, and a decapitated goat's head. Flies swarmed over the open eyes. This was Dr.--------'s goat.

The reason for our visit to Abu -----'s farm was to slaughter a goat. My family (I mean my mother) buys one from a local farmer once or twice a year to supply our meat. The curry my mom makes (something like this) from the mutton is my favorite meal. This time, Dr.--------, a meat aficionado and resident "busy eccentric man who is expert in a variety of random things and finds obscure farmer in Poteet, Texas who will halal slaughter goats for you," came with for his own purchase. He was not interested in participating in the butchering process. I, on the other hand, was. 

About a week earlier, my mom asked if I had any interest in doing the zabiha, the Islamic tradition of humane slaughter, for she had placed an order for a young goat with Abu -----. Almost immediately I said yes. Maybe because I wanted to experience an ancient, universal human experience that I had yet to truly know. Or because I wanted to prove my metal, my masculinity. Or general curiosity. Probably all three. I think of myself as open-minded and usually willing to try things that aren't a serious threat to my emotional and/or physical well-being. Hell, people for time immemorial have been doing this all over the world. I can overcome my modern, urban sensitivities, I thought. We're disgustingly disassociated from our food sources anyways. This is as good a time as any to cross that gulf. 

Greeting us is Abu -----, a middle aged man donning work clothes and a kind smile. Dr.-------- led with "As-salamu alaykum," a salutation reciprocated with "Wa Ężalaykumu s-salam." We were introduced with the same friendly exchange, and he had no problem pronouncing my name. He was passing chunks of flesh through an electric buzzsaw, skillfully picking his way around the vibrating steel teeth with exposed fingers. I was nervous just watching. 

He led us around the two small sheds to a fenced pen with a few dozen goats and sheep. The area was clean, no smell of feces and sweat and fear like at the cattle auctions I used to go to with my grandpa. The animals were standing around quietly. Two mothers nursed lambs only a few weeks old in a separate enclosure. Abu ----- pointed to a couple different goats as options for us. These are young, he said, about one year old. The meat will be tender. We chose an 11 month old (approx.), on the smaller side, but healthy, a good choice according to the experts. 

I went in the pen with Abu -----, who grabbed the goat by the hind leg. It had beige fur with brown spots. He told me to hold the leg and bring the goat behind the pen, next to the tractor, out of sight from the other animals. It whined and squirmed for a bit, then succumbed as I pulled it towards its final spot on Earth. 

Now watch, Abu ----- said. He pushed the fore leg behind the goat's head and, with his left, held the head down from the chin. The neck lay exposed, aiming skyward. He was behind the goat, I in front holding its other legs down. The neck faces quibla, he said, pointing to Mecca over the horizon. You sure you want to do this?

I could have told him no, you do it. I wanted to say so. He wouldn't have thought twice, and neither would my mom or Dr.-------- or anyone. It was frightening in the moment. I wanted to walk away. But I told him the opposite. Yes. I want to do this. 

He switched places with me. Now my left hand held the head. My other held the knife that sat on a flat stone nearby, the glinting tool of Abraham the same as it always had been.

He touched the neck, its own entity now separate from everything else in my mind, the head, the legs, the cute baby lambs a few feet away, the concept of mammals and animals and life and the universe. Cut here, fast and hard. Back and forth. Say bismillah, then Allahu Akbar three times. That is all.

My heart was pounding my ribs. My ears heated up with the torrid fluid racing through my arteries. I felt the creature under my hand, but I wasn't paying attention to that. All I saw was the neck, protruding and alone, and the knife right above.

Allahu Akbar, I said as the blade dug into the flesh. I pushed down and cut; blood squirted from the jugular. Allahu Akbar. The trachea flopped in two, severed. Crimson red pumped out onto the dark soil. Allahu Akbar. The goat never cried, it never knew what happened. The head was bent at an unlivable angle before a second had passed. Abu ----- snapped its neck backwards in a swift jerk, it twiched and kicked its floundering legs a few times, and within a minute the blood stopped running, and it was dead. 

I stepped back, knife in hand, looking at what I'd done. My face scrunched under the KN95 mask covering most of the area below my eyes. The smell was strong. The scene was gruesome, violent in the most primal sense. 

But the emotions that came were not sadness, nor guilt, nor regret nor shame. I'm not sure what it was. It was a moment almost free of emotion, honestly, the way a shocking, climatic moment is, when you don't have time or the capacity to process and display a feeling. It just happened. I stood in emptiness. It was real, and it was my doing. It was remarkably sudden, tangible, and now a strange memory of me acting without reservation. To think that was me. Strange, right? That's all there is to it.

I watched as Abu ----- butchered the slaughtered goat in a bare shed with tin walls. He started from the heels and cut the coat from underlying muscle the way you pull a sweater off after a long cold day. He cut the head and hooves off. He removed the intestines and the pancreas, kidneys, liver. He hung the goat by the ankles from a coat-hanger hook to do this. When he did, undigested corn pellets fell out the stomach, and a bit of deep coagulated blood from the heart dripped out too. He hosed this down a drain on the concrete floor. Otherwise there was relatively no blood or gore at all. The pink flesh looked like raw meat from the grocery store. 

I spoke with the man while he cleaned the goat (sometimes delicately, sometimes with force). He's actually a lawyer in his home country of Sudan. After law school he worked in Abu Dhabi in criminal investigation for fourteen years. That was before moving west for his children's future. His oldest, whose name is the "-----" in "Abu -----," recently finished medical school. Mr. Hassan (Abu -----'s birth name) told me he wanted his kids to study law, but they wanted medicine instead. Breaking from the path of the father: an older story has never been told. Except maybe about slaughtering an animal. 

He explained that this farm is his hobby. He learned butchery during camping trips in high school with friends, when they would cut and cook their own meat. Even I can tell he is well-versed; within thirty minutes, the goat is in pieces in a bag in my mom's trunk.

As we drove away, the dogs still yapping at the rubber, back onto the dirt road, I found myself confused as to what I should take away from this experience. Here in my bed at night, I'm still confused. I'm sad the goat will never see another dawn or dusk. I wonder about the nature of death; where is the goat? What exactly did I do to it? I think about what this means for me. I know inside I am strong enough to do things that have never been asked of me before, and this was another instance of my rising to the occasion, proving myself to myself. I am glad, for my own sake, that I took a life (actually two, because I slaughtered a lamb for Dr.-------- afterwards, but I wanted to focus on the first one because it was more monumental for me. Do not doubt, I have great respect for the second zabiha; it's just the act was basically a repeat of what happened before. It is amazing how fast we acclimate), because it was a valuable lesson in so many respects. And I think about what it means to be a human being; about our relationships with animals, with our surroundings, with each other, with ourselves.  
 
How curious and strange this journey of life is. How a moment, vivid as ever, is gone in the blink of an eye, never to return. Yet I'm still there, holding the knife, driving away, eating my favorite curry for dinner. A bizarre cycle, inescapable and simultaneously founded on a beginning and end. Today, I think, I felt more a part of it than I ever have before.

11.25.2020

Zen & the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance

This book I read, Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance, it's uniquely structured. The interweaving of a storyline and characters with deep examinations of theoretical fields within science, philosophy, engineering, seems really innovative. I don't know enough about literature to make that claim, though. 

One portion I like in particular is about grades. The narrator's past self, Phaedrus, teaches rhetoric at a college. He experiments with abolishing grades for a semester. He believes they're a hindrance to true learning, which arises only from voluntary, self-driven effort. Grades, in his view, mask this true learning by transforming it into a means to a goal; a degree, a quantifiable level of prestige, the grade itself. It's so phony it actively slows down "the cart of civilization," as the author, Robert Pirsig, puts its. 

For a while in middle school I didn't care about grades. Then I started wanting better grades because I realized they were important for one reason or another, but I couldn't figure out how to get them. This was a chunk of high school, and I reverted there for part of college (whoops). Finally I deciphered the maneuvers for As. 

I don't know if it was maturity. Or the classes got better, especially in college. Or I got smarter. Whatever the culprit, I didn't ever get over thinking grades were rotten deep down. I still think they're overvalued, the trophy of a game that does not test for what is most important, learning, instead rewarding a certain type of memorization and participation. Not that people who get good grades don't learn or have sight of what's important, just that the grades themselves are not fostering that process. 

Eh, it's all idealistic.

Anyways, the narrator refers to Quality as the essence of everything, the reality of us and all, the Tao (real one, not spoken one). He proposes that we cannot define "Quality"; it is. It fully encompasses both subjectivity and objectivity. This is an intriguing way of turning things over in the mind.

11.18.2020

Nuclear Weapons

There are nine countries that have nuclear weapons. The following is that list along with the number of warheads in each respective stockpile, including retired but still intact warheads. 
 


South Africa is the only nation to ever create then disband its nuclear weapons program. Development of a bomb began in 1974 amidst mounting international pressure to break the apartheid system. The U.S. relinquished its support for the program in 1976, but Israel remained steadfast, exchanging technology and raw materials with the segregationist government. UN Resolution 3379 called it "the unholy alliance between South African racism and Zionism."

The end of apartheid in 1989 marked the end of the nuclear weapons program as well. Under President de Klerk, who shared the Nobel Peace Prize with Nelson Mandela, South Africa signed the Non-Proliferation Treaty and agreed to IAEA inspections in 1991.

11.13.2020

Behesht-e-Zahra cemetery

There is a cemetery outside Tehran called Behesht-e-Zahra, "The Paradise of Zahra" in Farsi. (Yea, I linked Wikipedia. I feel bad because I know this encyclopedia isn't so reputable. But I could find almost nothing at all online about this graveyard. Only a bunch of media outlets re-publishing an AP story that I am using for the rest of this post. The report is also where I learned about this place. But I must say I'm a bit surprised at the lack of information on it. Not suggesting any nefarious reasons, just startled to see the internet not spilling over the brim with data.).

What caught my eye in this article was the size of the cemetery. There are around 1.6 MILLION bodies there. The graves cover more than a thousand acres.  It's in the news because the facilities are being overwhelmed with COVID deaths, bodies coming in at a rate higher than during even the butcherous Iran-Iraq War. They're digging fifty percent more tombs than usual. 

This made me wonder how old this sacred site must be. It is Tehran's main burial spot, after all, the capital of an ancient civilization prospering for over two thousand years. Actually, it was built in 1970. Tehran itself became the national seat of power in 1786, relatively recently in Persian history. Persepolis, in contrast, the Achaemenid capital, was created in the 5th century BCE.

11.06.2020

2 plant things

1:
Late this summer, the stickiness appeared beneath pecan trees. Sidewalks, grass, cars, dirt coated in a gluey film. If we left the outdoor furniture in the wrong spot, it could be irreversibly gross. A few people explained different causations for this sap-seeming drip to me, but none seemed entirely assured in their theorization. 

Turns out it is aphids excreting sugar sucked from the leaves of the pecan. The excretion is called honeydew. Yellow pecan aphids, not to be confused with black-margined aphids (check the wings), bite into the leaf epidermis, consuming intravenous nutrients and water, which they release after digestion onto the good Earth below. Pleasant. 

2:
I have a curious plant in my room. I bought it five years ago. Never once has a leaf on it died, never once a branch withered. It consistently sprouts new stalks that arch over the side of its pot. Many stems have become so old, adding greater volume each passing season, that they dip dangerously low, an inevitable snap awaiting if left to the forces of gravity. I had to tie bunches of them together vertically to foster healthy growth. Which, amazingly, appears unrestrained. 

The plant is called Zamioculcas, or ZZ plant. Apparently another name is Zanzibar gem. I like that this species is from East Africa, because that region is close to home. 

It takes an unbelievably small amount of care. I water it once every few weeks. I add soil once a year. I have it next to a large north-facing window. Its glossy green leaves and olive-colored branches keep multiplying. 

10.29.2020

Tupaia

I came across this article a few months ago citing evidence of Polynesian contact with South America about a thousand years ago. I began reading about the South Pacific islands and the people who populate them. The settlement of the Polynesian triangle is an accomplishment enormously underrated in human history. It is truly one of the greatest feats our species has performed. 

Sea People by Christina Thompson is an informative read on the subject. It basically chronicles the European interaction with Polynesia. For centuries Europeans could not understand how or accept that people reached these islands in wooden canoes without a writing system or metal tools. No maps, no compasses, no Western navigation techniques. The main conclusion of the story is that the timeline and process of the exploration is pretty much exactly what the Polynesian people had been saying it was all along. 

A Tahitian man named Tupaia embodies the brilliance of Polynesian knowledge. He guided Captain Cook around the region after they met in Tahiti. Tupaia was exceptional, a tahu'a,  meaning "a master, expert, or authority." He was proficient in "cosmology, politics, history, medicine, geography, astronomy, meteorology, and navigation," even picking up painting and cartography despite never touching a pen or paper before meeting Cook. All his expertise was saved and transmitted orally except a few documents he created on the Endeavour, Cook's ship. The man was adventurous and confident enough to join an expedition of recently-met foreigners heading to unknown lands for an unspecified period of time. He's the type of historical figure you wish to share a meal and conversation with. 

10.19.2020

Neom

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is building a "city of the future". Dubbed Neom, this $500 billion+ project is central to the Vision 2030 plan to shift the Saudi economy away from fossil fuels, transforming the country into a tech and tourism hub. The national sovereign wealth fund, which recently made headlines for investing in the electric vehicle startup Lucid Motors, is financing the diversification.

The official releases on Neom are epic propaganda. Its youtube page posts inspiring, sensual videos that, at least for a moment, make you want to believe the dream. Among the wonders promised for the new city, planned to be 33x larger than NYC, are an artificial moon, flying cars, and phosphorescent beaches. The sleek public interface of the whole project intends to fill the viewer with awe. The entire concept tries to associate the Kingdom with a clean and exciting future, not with what it actually is, a horrendously oppressive religious autocracy led by a family of oil-rich spoiled brats. 

No elucidation is needed to describe the various repugnances characterizing the Saudi government and its present head, Mohammad bin Salman (MBS). From war crimes to extrajudicial murder to totalitarianism, the House of Saud, backed by American weapons and consultants, continues to be an utter disgrace to humanity. 

Analogous to other Saudi endeavors, Neom is founded on human rights violations. The Neom brochure claims the city is "conceived on a blank slate," an impudent overlooking of the al-Huwaitat tribe that has lived in the desert region for generations. 20,000 people are slated for eviction. Indigenous activists have been threatened, imprisoned, even killed

Beyond this despicable land-grab, the details on how Neom will achieve its goals, to revolutionize 16 economic sectors, are exceedingly vague. Rhetorical platitudes like "embracing innovation," "advanced systems," "unprecedented commitment," and "enhancing quality," litter the processions. Success depends on attracting the world's best and brightest, an assumption far from given. The inherent exclusivity goes without saying; Neom is basically a glitzy research park catering to a tiny, elite segment of the global population. Can it really be called a city?

The same logic, build and they shall come, was used for the King Abdullah Financial District in Riyadh. It is a delayed, expensive failure. This similarity is unsurprising given the involvement of the same consultancies for both developments. I think it's fair to say that Neom, projected to open in 2025, has a high chance of being another colossal letdown for the Kingdom. 

The Saudi royalty is trying to create a future where they retain their feudal grip. Western mercenary consultants sell them gaudy plans as the answer. One can only hope MBS mismanages the public investment money until a breaking point, when this stain of a family recedes from the fore. 

10.10.2020

Automating agriculture

The cover story for the September 2020 issue of National Geographic is about robots. The author shows robots already working alongside humans in multiple different sectors. Agriculture is one of those. 

Farming may seem old-fashioned, entrenched, an industry resistant to change, but it has long been a driver of human innovation. The earliest farmers in Mesopotamia, more than 10,000 years ago, began a relentless tradition of progress. Take a look at the sophisticated farm machinery used today. These tech developments are responsible for dropping the percentage of the American labor force engaged in farming from over 70% in 1820 to less than 2% in 2020. Robots are the next step in this heritage. 

On farms right now, robots pick apples and milk cows. The Nat Geo article mentioned that growers are modifying lettuce to make harvesting easier for robots. Drones and data collecting rovers gather statistics to streamline operations. The presence of these machines is increasing at a breakneck pace. 

Regarding the typical concern of job displacement, there is actually a pronounced labor shortage in the U.S. and elsewhere that's forcing farmers to automize faster than in a normal labor scenario. Also, repetitive labor is easily programmable but the common sense adaptability of humans cannot be replaced in the near future. I think robots can help people focus on higher level tasks instead of grunt work. Plus it seems unreasonable to expect tech to slow down for the purpose of saving jobs; it never has before, why would it now. 

High-tech, sustainable agriculture is a promising flagship of our 21st century fight to keep this planet livable. Autonomous farm robots must be a large part of this movement. We imagine robots roaming the shops and streets of Tokyo, driving us to work, serving our meals. We'll see them combing our fields too, interacting not only with us but with the Earth itself. 

10.02.2020

The Morality of Economics

I read an article for an EdX class I'm taking called Theo-Humanism. A former theology professor shared the course with me (he's teaching it).

The Secular Religions of Progress describes how economics was initially philosophical. Scholars contemplated how best to organize the marketplace to achieve the highest level of welfare. Through an understanding of humanity, societies, and our relationship with nature, economists believed the most fruitful theory could be enacted. The subject's foundation came from such theological inquires, not mathematical truths. How can we reach an ideal condition on Earth through economic means?

Now, though, economics has a set of assumptions that seem misaligned with essential realities. The basic goal is presumed to be maximum growth in perpetuity in every possible way. Economists aren't moral philosophers who study what is ideal for prosperity, but instead technocrats directing policy and resources towards this one goal, growth. Is this really what we should aim for anymore, especially in industrialized countries? Are the ways we define welfare still accurate?

I think there are rumblings of change in public discourse. Andrew Yang has spoken on this topic, and the Happiness Index has gained traction as a better metric for success than classic economic metrics. Given the problems we face today that have not and probably will not be solved by growth (climate change & environmental degradation, rising rates of Deaths of Despair, racial inequality, populist authoritarian governments, international migration, proxy wars), the need to re-evaluate how we organize the economy appears prudent. Maybe that means returning to the roots of economics itself. 

A Vision Realized

Across the Kallang River from my apartment block is the Kwong Wai Shiu Hospital. I can see the small complex from my bedroom window; three m...